ONE SAMPLE T TEST
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Using One Simple T-Test Statistic in Research
This easy tutorial will show you how to run One Simple T-test in SPSS, and how to interpret the result. In another word, The aim of this commentary is to overview checking for student t-test in statistical analysis using SPSS.
Use Student’s t-test for one sample when you have one measurement variable and a theoretical expectation of what the mean should be under the null hypothesis. It tests whether the mean of the measurement variable is different from the null expectation (Source).
One-Sample t-test is used when we want to know if our sample comes from a certain population. Still, we do not have complete information about that population, that is, we want to compare whether our results match the results obtained for a specific population. Therefore, we need to have one variable (for example, Math test score) and to know the average value of Math test scores in the population.
Assumptions
This section describes the assumptions that are made when you use one of these tests. The key assumption relates to normality or the nonnormality of the data. One of the reasons for the popularity of the t-test is its robustness in the face of assumption violation. However, if an assumption is not met even approximately, the significance levels and the power of the t-test are invalidated. Unfortunately, in practice, it often happens that more than one assumption is not met. Hence, take the steps to check the assumptions before you make important decisions based on these tests. There are reports in this procedure that permit you to examine the assumptions, both visually and through assumption tests.
One-Sample T-Test Assumptions
The assumptions of the one-sample t-test are:
1. The data are continuous (not discrete).
2. The data follow the normal probability distribution.
3. The sample is a simple random sample from
An Example: One Simple T-Test in SPSS
Null hypothesis:
There is not a difference between the true mean (μ) and the comparison value (m0).
Alternative hypothesis:
There is a difference between the true mean (μ) and the comparison value (m0).
This easy tutorial will show you how to run One Simple t-test in SPSS, and how to interpret the result.
How to Run One Simple T Test in SPSS: Explanation Step by Step
From the SPSS menu, choose Analyze – Compare means – One-Sample T-Test.

A new window will appear. From the left box transfer variable Math Test Score to Test Variable(s). In the Test Value box, write 86.00 (true mean). Click OK.

The results of One sample t-test will appear in the output window.

How to report a One Simple T Test results: Explanation Step by Step
How to Report Descriptive Statistics Table in SPSS Output?
The first table shows descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, standard error mean, and a number of observations) of our variable Math test score.
As a result, The average value of the Math test score is 73.08 (M=73.08; SD=16.89).

How to Report One sample t-test statistics Table in SPSS Output?
The second table shows One sample t-test statistics.
In the first row is written population mean (test values = 86.00). We should look at the fourth column (Sig. (2-tailed)) for the significance of the t-test statistic.
- If p > .05, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
In our example, p value is less than 0.05 (p = .000 < .05) so we must reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean Math test score (M=73.08; SD=16.89) and true population mean (M=86.00).

One sample t-test was conducted to determine whether there is a difference between the results on the Math test and the true population mean (M=86.00). The results indicate a significant difference between the true mean (M=86.00) and the mean Math test score (M=73.08; SD=16.89), [t(36) = -4.651, p = .000]. We, therefore, reject the null hypothesis that there is not a difference between the true mean and the comparison value and conclude that our mean Math test score is significantly different from the true population mean.
Visit our Reporting One-Sample t Test Page for more details.

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